Install Isc Dhcp Freebsd GuiMost likely in violation of the terms of service I have with my ISP. Yeah I know living on the edge. I think I will move up to running with scissors for my next step in bravado. And damn if this isn't going to be loads of fun. Remind me to send them a cookie. I will also be getting into some gateway issues here. Why because that is how mine is setup. I will try to keep that near the end of the article. DHCP servers are kinda like the planning and zoning dept. When you build a house they give it an address. The DHCP server is in charge of giving out addresses (IPs) to your computer. Support for ISC DHCP management and monitoring allows you to create, edit, or remove DHCP subnets directly and update servers automatically via the IPAM web. Synopsis This post will describe the steps necessary to configure the ISC DHCP Server under FreeBSD for a simple local area network (LAN). The Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). FreeBSD does not install a DHCP. Install Isc Dhcp Freebsd Commands
Unlike the zoning dept. Your IP is leased from the DHCP server ( This also known as dhcpd ). That is because if your computer decides it wants to move to a different section of town, say for example, the landfill your DHCP server will give some other more worthy computer that address eventually. The DHCP server can make them offers they can't refuse. Well they can but then they suffer horribly. These clients want an address from the server. They have to ask, but if they ask nicely like say, . I have a clean install of FreeBSD 7.2-RELEASE. I want to install a simple DHCP server for a few windows computers. But, unfortunately, following don't work: pkg The computer is at the beginning stages of being on a network. The client must also be told what is the gateway ( If there is one). That is the place traffic flows in and out of ( Sometimes this is a router). And the subnet mask is the equivalent to the zip code that the computers on the network belong to. The DHCP server can be any computer but it is easier on a small network if it is the machine in charge. The port for isc- dhcp has changed slightly this paragraph reflects the new port. Ports (not the kind for ships)In the ports tree is a program called isc- dhcp. It is usually in /usr/ports/net/isc- dhcp. You will need to install this port. Neat way to do that is this: cd /usr/ports/net/isc- dhcp. This will install the port. We then need to customize a few things to get it running. You will need the following. A NIC (Network Interface Card) please make sure your computer has one. When you are running a gateway it will need to have two. We are dealing with just one for right now. At the prompt type. You should see something like this. UP,BROADCAST,RUNNING,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST > mtu 1. Ethernet autoselect (1. TX)status: activelp. POINTOPOINT,SIMPLEX,MULTICAST > mtu 1. BROADCAST,MULTICAST> mtu 1. UP,LOOPBACK,RUNNING,MULTICAST > mtu 1. POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST > mtu 1. POINTOPOINT,LINK2,MULTICAST > mtu 5. The rl. 0 represents the type of NIC in this box it may not be what is yours that is okay you can see results like this. DEC/Intel DC2. 1x. Tulip'')em# Intel PRO/1. Gigabit Ethernet Card (``Wiseman'')txp# 3. Com 3c. R9. 90 (``Typhoon'')vx# 3. Com 3c. 59. 0, 3c. Vortex'')dc# DEC/Intel 2. Intel Ether. Express PRO/1. B (8. 25. 57, 8. 25. AMD Am. 79. C9. 7x PCI 1. NICsrl# Real. Tek 8. Adaptec AIC- 6. 91. Starfire'')sis# Silicon Integrated Systems Si. S 9. 00/Si. S 7. 01. Sundance ST2. 01 (D- Link DFE- 5. TX)tl# Texas Instruments Thunder. LANtx# SMC Ether. Power II (8. 3c. 17. EPIC'')vr# VIA Rhine, Rhine IIwb# Winbond W8. C8. 40. Fxl# 3. Com 3c. Boomerang'', ``Cyclone'')bge# Broadcom BCM5. Tigon III''). Remember computers start counting at 0 not 1 so the first device is called 0 not 1. That is why my NIC is rl. These represent most of the common types of NICs supported by the kernel. As a matter of fact this is a copy of the section in the kernel that shows it with some of the extraneous information left off. This is the device all of the computers plug into. Think of it as the post office. The IPs are addresses on your computers. The hub is the post office the mail goes through before it reaches your house. Addendum 4/1. 5/0. Changed to bring a up better link. Preferably a few more. There is no point in setting up a dhcp server if it is the only computer you've got. The DHCP server uses something in the kernel known as the . In early versions of Free. BSD this was commented out. In version 4. 4 and up I have not seen it commented out. Using bpf is considered a bit more of a security risk. In that it may allow certain packet sniffers in. I have been using it for a while now and have had no problems related to bpf. But if you are working at a top secret NSA system you may want to think about it. Otherwise you should be fine. We need to give the box you are working on an IP address of it's own. You do that by editing rc. I recommend something outside the lease range ( more on that later). Example 2. 55. 2. At the command prompt type in this line: ifconfig rl. Basically you have told the computer that at startup you want to configure your NIC (ifconfig. Also because of the this IP address is in the range of the setup of the dhcpd. NIC as the broadcast point for the dhcp server to the clients. Pocket protectors and tape to hold your glasses together are available at the front desk. Type this at prompt for a list of files in a directory. The directory should have at least this file in it. You can read through it if you want. It is long confusing to newbies ( like me ) and boring. Nobody dies in the whole story. Well because in order for dhcp server to work you will need a dhcpd. And there will need to be some stuff in it. Please make sure you are in or have cd to /usr/local/etc/ directory when placing this file. If you do not have a real domain name do not use a real one #and do not use a real end like . It uses what is known as private IPs. You may have seen another example of private IPs such as. Just make sure you have subnets and netmasks setup correctly. It is the range of possible addresses (IPs) you can have. My range starts at 1. I don't know why it gives the high numbers first but it does and it works fine that way. You can read this article on it here. I am keeping it simple here. You can read the man dhcpd. If you do not have a real domain name do not use a real one #and do not use a real end like . The line option domain- name . It uses just the second and third part of the hostname. They should match. The hostname is the computer name. Some of the client computers may require it for dhcp. Here is how you do that at the prompt type. You should see something like this . Internet Software Consortium DHCP Server V3. Copyright 1. 99. 5- 2. Internet Software Consortium. All rights reserved. For info, please visit http: //www. DHCPWrote 0 leases to leases file. Listening on BPF/rl. Sending on BPF/rl. Sending on Socket/fallback/fallback- net. Now what you may see will be slightly different depending on what version you have and if you have any computers hooked up to the network ready to receive an IP. If that is the case it will tell you how many leases it wrote. Go to your /etc/ directory and create if you don't have one already this file. You can do that with easy editor by typing this. Add this to that file. Press Esc and save the changes. You can not get it if you don't connect to the HUB. The thing here is there are many different operating systems out there. And how to setup each one as a dhcp client could make this a huge article so. I will weasel out by saying this. Basically you will need to enable DHCP on your client machines. Do a search on Google to find the best way for your specific operating system. You will need to make sure your computer sees it. Please tell me you have your ability to connect to the Internet ready. If you are not running a PPPo. E for connection to the internet and are connecting to a Cable Modem, you may have some issues. The NIC for a Cable Modem in /etc/rc. Well the problem is that the DHCP server (dhcpd) on your box is trying to give an ip address to the NIC that is connected to your Cable Modem. You NIC connected to yur Cable Modem needs an ip address from the Cable Modem not from the dhcp server on the the box. So basically you have two servers one giving a single IP address to a single NIC your cable modem, and a DHCP server for your network, also trying to give an ip address to that NIC. You need to tell the dhcp server on your box to broadcast only on one NIC. I have been told this will help, but I don't have a cable modem so I can't be sure. Here's the possible solution. You can run tcpdump - ni xxx port bootps or bootpc, if the port is installed and check it against the MAC address you see when you run ifconfig. Earlier I made the ifconfig. You will need it for your client computers. The other NIC xl. PPPo. E setup. Thanks to a reader who submitted a problem I have updated this section. This is not a difficult procedure. But if you have not done it before it can be very intimidating. Warning this can also be a time consuming process that will take a while. Your machine's CPU, RAM, Disk I/O speed will all be a factor. You should have a directory that goes like this: /usr/src/sys/i. If you do not you will need to get it from the ftp site or the CD. If you have been using cvsup stable- supfile as way to keep your Free. BSD sources up to date do not use the source files from the CD or FTP site as you do not need to. It will then ask if you want to install from a CD- ROM, DVD, FTP, or some other source. Use the appropriate answer and click okay. Type this: cd /usr/src/sys/i. That tells you to change directory to where the source is. You can view it with this command: ls - a. You will see something like this. This is where you can have some fun with kernel customizing. You can name your kernel. For example I call mine THEBARON. And yes the all caps thing is vital. You must name your kernel with all capitol letters and you cannot use spaces. We will call our new kernel BOB. Basically it is a folder in a folder. At the command prompt type this: ln - s /root/kernels/BOB. This way if your source (src) is deleted or damaged you still have your custom kernel safe and sound. At the command line bring up your favorite editor. Mine is Easy Editor so at the command prompt I will type: ee BOB. The kernel file will come up and you will need to scroll down just a little and change this line. I3. 86. In this example BOB.. I3. 86. You will now need to change to the directory that you will do the kernel recompile from. At the prompt type this: cd /usr/src. Install and configure ISC DHCP server on Free.
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